However, its losses are wavelength-dependent, it offers poor spectral uniformity, cannot ensure uniform spectroscopy, and is temperature sensitive. The FBT splitter offers low cost, common materials (quartz substrate, stainless steel, fiber, hot dorm, GEL), and an adjustable splitting ratio.For example, graded-index silica-glass waveguides could be used to fabricate PLC optical splitters, and the splitting ratio can be simply adjusted during the design and fabrication phases. The PLC splitter is a micro-optical element using photolithographic techniques to form optical waveguide at medium or semiconductor substrate for realizing branch distribution function. This special waveguide structure allows control of the splitting ratio via controlling length of the fiber torsion angle and stretch. Both fibers, at the same time, are stretched under a heating zone thus forming a double cone. The FBT splitter uses two (or more) fibers. The daughter streams can be equal or in some other ratio. Wave splitting involves dividing a light beam into multiple streams. They are mainly used for non-simultaneous redundancy. Balanced splitters īalanced (2xN) splitters consists of 2 input fibers and N output fibers which divide the power of the optical signal proportionally. As a result, PLC splitters offer accurate and even splits with minimal loss in an efficient package. Waveguides are fabricated using lithography onto a silica glass substrate, which allows for routing specific percentages of light. PLC splitters offer a better solution for larger applications. FBT splitters are widely accepted and used in passive networks, especially for instances where the split configuration is smaller (1×2, 1×4, 2×2, etc.). The FBT splitter is one of the most common. It is an optical fiber tandem device with many input and output terminals, especially applicable to a passive optical network ( EPON, GPON, BPON, FTTX, FTTH etc.) to connect the main distribution frame and the terminal equipment and to branch the optical signal.Īccording to the principle, fiber optic splitters can be divided into Fused Biconical Taper (FBT) splitter and Planar Lightwave Circuit (PLC) splitters. The fiber optic splitter is one of the most important passive devices in the optical fiber link. The optical network system uses an optical signal coupled to the branch distribution. Quartz substrate of an integrated waveguide optical power distribution deviceĪ fiber-optic splitter, also known as a beam splitter, is based on a quartz substrate of an integrated waveguide optical power distribution device, similar to a coaxial cable transmission system.
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